By having some basic knowledge, if any device like Android smartphone gets damaged then we will be able to know what is the problem and how to solve it, so that we will not have to go to the mobile repair shop and we will also save some money.
Some of you might know that Android is an operating system but do you know which company developed the Android software? What is the history of Android? What are the latest versions of Android? What are the problems caused by not updating the Android software and how can you learn Android? Let's know
What is Android?
Android is a mobile operating system which is mainly designed keeping mobile in mind, that is, "Android System Software" mainly contributes to the smooth running of the entire system of the mobile. Due to the presence of this software, we are able to use the smartphone properly. This operating system is not only in smartphones but also in tablets, smart watches, smart speakers etc.
History of Android
Android software was developed by Andy Rubin , a resident of America . After a few years, Google bought this software and Andy Rubin and his team were made the head of Android. Google bought this software because Google found this software very interesting and a new technical approach. Andy Rubin resigned from the Google company after a few years in 2013 and then Sunder Pichai became the head of Android in his place and gave good speed to this project and achieved success. Android has been the best-selling operating system on tablets worldwide since 2013. Moreover, in 2017, Android had 2 billion users, that too every month. After joining Android, Google's reach was also seen increasing significantly.
Apart from this, let us tell you that Android is an Open Source Software , which means anyone can use this software, yes, with its help companies can make more software and students can also study it.
Let's know about Android versions
Every year Google brings new versions of android for all users which have new features, Android version 1.0 is considered to be the first and most powerful version and the latest Android version is Android 11 which was released on 8 September 2020. All its lists till date are given below-
- Android 1.0 Alpha,
- Android 1.1 Beta,
- Android 1.5 Cupcake,
- Android 1.6 Donut
- Android 2.0 Eclair,
- Android 2.2 Froyo,
- Android 2.3 Gingerbread
- Android 3.0 Honeycomb
- Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich
- Android 4.1 Jelly Bean
- Android 4.4 KitKat
- Android 5.0 Lollipop
- Android 6.0 Marshmallow
- Android 7.0 Nougat
- Android 8.0 Oreo
- Android 9.0 Pie
- Android 10
- Android 11
Some Androids also had their updated versions released like – Android 2.0 Eclair had an updated version of 2.1, similarly Gingerbread also had 2.3.7, there are many more like this.
Android 1.0 Alpha
इस version में main 4 features थे – The Google Maps, App Store, Gmail integration Scroll Down Notification Bar. कुछ अन्य features – Youtube, calendar, Google browser, Google contacts and Google talk है।
Android 1.1 Beta
This version is known as T-Mobile G1 which was released in April 2009, this version had some improvements like reviews started appearing in Google Maps and more details were available than before.
Android Cupcake (version 1.5)
Known as Android Cupcake, this version had many features including “third party keyboard” and the option to upload directly to youtube. After yummy desserts, Google stopped naming the versions differently.
Android Donut (Version 2.2)
After Cupcake, Google released Android version 2.2, codenamed “Donut”, special features of this version like enhanced user experience, text-to speech support, improved video aspects, Larger screen-size support, turn-by-turn navigation facilities and refined search integration played a great role in helping Google survive in the competitive smartphone market for a long time.
Android Eclair (Version 2.3)
This version was named “Eclair” after the chocolate filled pastry. Android Eclair was released in 2009. After this, 2 bug versions also came out in which animation feature was also added in Android 2.1 in 2010. Some of the features of Android Éclair were flash and digital zoom, multi-touch support mechanism and of course, Bluetooth 2.1 support and Google map navigation were the main and highlighted features.
Android Froyo (Version 2.4)
This version is mainly known for its good speed and the unique redesigned home screen feature is also excellent due to which its functionality is also amazing.
Android Gingerbread (Version 2.5)
It is named after a famous ginger cookie “Android Gingerbread”, it is known for its many features like it has multiple cameras, SIP internet calling, download manager and some sensors like barometer, gravimeter etc.
Honeycomb (Version 3.0)
Google released this 3.0 version in February 2011 and named it “honeycomb”, this version was primarily designed for tablets. However, gingerbread is the first updated tablet version of Android.
Android Ice Cream Sandwich (Version 4.0)
4.0Android version is mainly known for its great functionality and good designing. Introduction of default font was another highlight of Ice cream Sandwich. From this version onwards Google brings all its services to Google Playstore.
Android Jelly Bean (Version 4.1)
This Android 4.1 version – known as Jelly Bean – is known for its “highly interactive notifications” and 'voice typing' features which improved the overall performance and increased its popularity further.
Android KitKat (Version 4.4)
Google revealed Android 4.4 version in 2013, known as Kitkat. Google wanted a famous dessert name that everyone would know, and so partnered with Nestle for the code name Kitkat. Version 4.4 debuted on the Nexus 5, and can effectively run on multiple devices compared to earlier Android versions. It got many features, one of which was that this OS could run even on devices with low RAM. It also got interesting emojis to use on Google keyboards.
Android Lollipop (Version 5.0)
With version 5.0, popularly known as Lollipop, Android could spread to a wide range of devices from smartphones to TVs and even smart watches. Lollipop came out with a completely new runtime. The battery saving feature saved excellent battery life on various devices.
Android Marshmallow (Version 6.0)
The code name of Android 6.0 version is Marshmallow. Some of its upgrade features made a huge impact. When users started using this version then they were very happy because it provided a lot of new features. Now horizontal scrolling was possible from the new app drawer due to which navigation became very fast and the UI was considered to be better. Google has also made a small change in the lockscreen – voice commands have been used in place of camera and dialer shortcuts. Google Now on Tap is also a main feature of this version. It is used in such a way like if you are discussing with your friend in chat about a restaurant then on pressing the home button for a long time Google will suggest you which is the better restaurant for which you are searching. That means you will get real time help from Google. One of the best features is “Doze Mode” which is helpful in saving your battery life to a great extent. Users got many new features in this Android version like fingerprint support, Android Pay through which you can make payments easily. Some other features are System UI Tuner, RAM memory manager, USB Type-C and USB 3.1 support, Chrome Custom Tabs, etc.
Android Nougat (Version 7.0)
This version of Android was released on August 22, 2016. Its main features are Split Screen, DOZE power saving mechanism and fast installation. With the help of this version, users can do multitasking which is a big change.
Android Oreo (Version 8.0)
This version of Android was released on August 21, 2017. This version also had the following features – password autofill, notification dots, smart text selection, snooze notification. If you have received any notification or you have not read it, then a dot will be visible on the app. The “picture to picture” feature is that if you are watching a video and at the same time you need to do something else like sending an email, then press the home button and open Gmail, this will put your video in a small size corner, so that you can watch the video and at the same time do your email or any other work as well.
Android Pie (Version 9.0)
This Android version was released on August 6, 2018 with the name “Pie”. This update was available for Google Pixel devices. Google made many changes in terms of design and security, “Material design 2.0 concept” was introduced, in this there was an option to use MicroSD card as an internal storage and that too with full security.
Android 10
This version was released in September 2019. This android version is now available on every device and is about to be available worldwide as well. Its features are – Live Caption, Smart Reply, Sound Amplifier, Gesture navigation, Dark theme. Live Caption applies live caption to the videos in your phone without using any data. Smart reply means if your friend is asking you to go somewhere in the chat, then Google will give you some options to reply like “ya sure”, “no” and it will also give you the map option. If you are studying or talking on the phone, then with the help of sound amplifier you can reduce the noise and increase the clarity of the sound, for this you will see the options after plugging in the earphones.
Android 11
This version was released on 19 February 2020, its features are – A built-in screen recorder, conversation notifications, Grant temporary permission to apps, etc. If you have accidentally deleted the notification then you can go to settings and see the notifications of a day, you can put your favourite app in the share page so that you can find these apps easily, Schedule dark theme was introduced in Android 10 version itself but in Android 11 version you can schedule this dark theme by going to settings, like if you want to use dark theme at night then schedule the night time.
At the time of writing this article, the Android version is limited to this. Whenever a new version of Android comes, we will definitely add it to our list.
Hope this information will be helpful for you, if you are a student then this information will be like an essay for you. At present, we all should have this information because today this technology is a part of our phone.